What is Dialysis

Dialysis is a medical treatment that performs some of the work of healthy kidneys when the kidneys can no longer function properly. Kidneys normally filter waste products, excess fluid, and toxins from the blood. When someone has kidney failure, these substances can build up in the body and become life-threatening. Dialysis helps remove these wastes and maintain the body’s chemical balance.

There are two main types of dialysis:

1. Haemodialysis

In Haemodialysis, blood is taken from the body through a needle or a special access point in the arm (often called a fistula). The blood is passed through a machine called a dialyser or “artificial kidney,” which filters out waste and extra fluid before returning the clean blood to the body.

  • Usually done three times a week

  • Each session typically lasts around 4 hours

  • Can be carried out in a hospital, dialysis centre, or at home

More details can be found here - introduction to haemodialysis

2. Peritoneal Dialysis

In Peritoneal Dialysis, the lining of the abdomen (called the peritoneum) acts as a natural filter. A special fluid is put into the abdomen through a catheter, where it absorbs waste and extra fluid from the blood vessels in the lining. The fluid is then drained away and replaced with fresh fluid.

  • Usually done daily

  • Often carried out at home

  • Some people perform it overnight using a machine

More details can be found here - introduction to peritoneal dialysis

Why dialysis is needed

Dialysis is usually required when someone develops Kidney Failure, often caused by conditions such as Chronic Kidney Disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, or certain inherited conditions.

Is dialysis permanent?

For some people dialysis is a long-term treatment, but for others it may be temporary while waiting for a Kidney Transplant, which can replace the function of failed kidneys.

Living with dialysis

Many people on dialysis continue to work, travel, and lead active lives, although treatment requires careful planning and regular medical care.

This video also explains it



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