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Kidneys are vital organs, performing several critical functions to maintain overall health. 

They filter blood, removing waste and excess fluid, which is then eliminated as urine 
They also balance essential minerals and electrolytes, such as sodium, potassium, and phosphorus, crucial for nerve and muscle function. 

Furthermore, kidneys produce hormones that regulate blood pressure, stimulate red blood cell production, and maintain bone health. Without healthy kidneys, waste and toxins would accumulate, leading to severe health complications and potentially life-threatening conditions.

Here’s a breakdown of of some of the jobs the kidneys perform:

1. Removing Wastes and Extra Fluid

2. Control Blood Pressure

3. Making Red Blood Cells

4. Keep Bones Healthy

5. Controlling pH Levels

6. Filter the Blood

7. Balance Important Vitamins and Minerals

Make healthy food choices

A kidney-friendly eating plan is crucial for managing kidney disease and slowing its progression. It involves choosing foods that are gentle on the kidneys and limiting those that can cause mineral build-up, like potassium, in the body. This approach helps maintain overall health and can prevent complications.

Make physical activity part of your routine

Regular exercise is crucial for kidney health, improving blood pressure, managing weight, and boosting overall well-being. 

Aim for a healthy weight

To keep your kidneys healthy, aim for a healthy weight through a kidney-friendly diet, portion control, and regular exercise, as obesity increases the risk of kidney disease.

Get enough sleep

Getting adequate sleep helps regulate kidney workload and hormone secretion, potentially improving kidney function and preventing chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Stop smoking

Smoking is a major risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) . It damages blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the kidneys, which impairs their ability to filter waste. This can lead to kidney damage, kidney cancer, and other kidney-related health issues.

Limit alcohol intake

Limiting alcohol intake is essential for maintaining kidney health. Moderate consumption is key, while excessive drinking can lead to kidney damage and worsen existing conditions.

Explore stress-reducing activities

Managing stress is crucial for kidney health; consider mindfulness, meditation, and regular exercise to improve well-being and potentially slow CKD progression.

Manage diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is often linked to diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease. These conditions share similar risk factors, including high blood sugar, high blood pressure, unhealthy diets, and physical inactivity. When these conditions are not managed, they can damage the kidneys, leading to CKD.

Get your kidney function tested

Regularly test your kidney function to monitor your kidney health and detect potential issues early. This can help prevent further damage and maintain overall well-being.

Keep well hydrated

Adequate hydration is crucial for kidney function, helping to filter waste, maintain blood pressure, and prevent kidney stones; drink enough water daily.

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Reviewed February 2026
Next review February 2029

The National Kidney Federation cannot accept responsibility for information provided. The above is for guidance only. Patients are advised to seek further information from their own doctor.